潮吹之谜
在正文开始前，须要提示读者的是，这篇文章涉及对人类性行为的严厉讨论，其中大概含有一些惯用的俚语，但并无对这一正常生理活动的任何亵渎。参考美国电影协会的电影分级制度，本文为 PG-13 级内容，即大概包含不得当 13 岁以下儿童阅读的内容（绝大部分好莱坞电影都属于该分级，包括《阿凡达》、《星际穿越》等）。
你了解本身的身体吗？事实上，人体有时会做出一些看似非常不可思议的事，包括至今我们尚未完全理解的征象，比如潮吹。在性生活中，当一个拥有阴道的人感到极度兴奋时，在高潮瞬间喷涌出大量液体的征象，即为潮吹。
如今，在色情产业里，这种征象已经成了吸引人眼球的内容之一，它会让一些人感到兴奋。但在现实中，这一征象实在算不上稀奇，就是一个正常的生理过程。一项相关调查显示，女性群体中有 45% 的人一生中至少经历过一次潮吹。
然而，这依然是一种至少在大众群体中显得尤为神秘的征象，即便是有过潮吹履历的人也会对这种征象心存疑惑：这种液体究竟是什么是来自尿道还是阴道？是尿液还是所谓的“女性射精”？
2015 年，一项发表于《性医学杂志》（The Journal of Sexual Medicine）的研究尝试解析女性性行为中潮吹的性质和起源，这项研究由一位来自法国的妇产科医生塞缪尔·萨拉马（Samuel Salama）主导。
塞缪尔表示，促使他开展这项研究的原因除了对这个有趣的征象感到好奇以外，还在于他本身在年轻时和朋友的性生活经历。当时，他们都很好奇究竟发生了什么事，但周围的朋友和医生没有给出可信的解释。几年后，塞缪尔开始研究性学，还有了本身的诊所，他终于有机遇寻找这件事背后的真相。
在这项研究中，塞缪尔招募了七位在妇科方面没有异常的女性，她们在每次性唤起期间都会实现潮吹。实行中，研究人员在不同阶段对受试者的骨盆和膀胱进行了超声扫描。在进入无菌室前，受试者先去洗手间排空膀胱，然后做了第一次扫描；在无菌室里，当她们性兴奋达到顶峰但还没潮吹时，进行第二次扫描；等受试者继续，发生潮吹并喷液结束后，再做一次超声扫描。
结果发现，全部受试者在志愿排尿后，膀胱都彻底排空；在性兴奋高峰期时，她们的膀胱再次布满了液体；潮吹后的盆腔超声扫描显示，膀胱再次被排空了。另一项研究让一对异性恋夫妇在核磁共振仪中进行性行为时，也观察到女性性兴奋时膀胱会变得充盈。虽然我们不知道这个过程究竟是怎么发生的，但至少可以确定的一点是，潮吹时排出的液体主要来自膀胱。
对尿液及潮吹排出液体的生化分析显示，这些液体的尿素、肌酐和尿酸浓度在每个受试者体内的水平一致。虽然还有一些研究证实，潮吹时喷出的液体大概是被稀释的尿液，但塞缪尔表示，这种情况并不绝对。此外，在这 7 位参与者中，有 6 名参与者的接受性刺激前尿液样本没有检测出前列腺特异性抗原（PSA），有 5 名参与者的潮吹液体样本和接受性刺激后的尿液样本中存在该抗原。
在此之后，虽然有关潮吹液体的谜团被大致解开了，但同时又浮现出了更多的谜团，比如潮吹时喷出的大部分液体来自尿液，但在某些情况下，还有一些其他物质的参与……[检察全文]
Unpacking the Mystery of Squirting: What Science Really Says
Rachel Feltman: ForScientific American’s Science Quickly, I’m Rachel Feltman. Just a heads-up, today’s episode is about human sexuality. We talk about sex, sometimes using slang terms but without any profanity. I’d probably give this episode a PG-13 rating. So if you usually listen with kids, maybe give this one a solo trial run to make sure you’re comfortable with the questions it may raise. And if you just really don’t like hearing people talk about sex, then this episode isn’t for you! No hard feelings, we’ll see you on Friday.
Now that that’s out of the way: the human body is capable of doing some pretty incredible things—including things we don’t yet understand. But few physical phenomena inspire as much speculation or debate as the one colloquially known as “squirting.”
My guest today is Wendy Zukerman, host of the hit podcast Science Vs. You may remember her from her previous appearance onScience Quicklyback in August. If not, I’ll refresh your memory: we talked about anal sex. She’s back today to tell us howScience Vstackled the surprisingly controversial science of squirting.
Wendy, welcome back to the show! It’s so great to have you.
Wendy Zukerman: Oh, thank you so much for having me!
Feltman: So the last time you were onScience Quickly, you were talking about your deep dive into the science of anal sex—the very neglected science of anal sex. Tell me about your latest sexual-health research endeavor.
Zukerman:I know! Rachel, I wanted to tell the audience: We cover other issues, you know [laughs]?
Feltman:[Laughs]Science Vsis a great, extremely varied show, and you are...
Zukerman:[Laughs] We have a new season...
Feltman:Back here today to talk about more sex stuff [laughs].
Zukerman:Exactly. While this season is gonna cover ADHD, fluoride, methamphetamine, creatine, I am here to talk about the first episode of this season, which is on squirting.
Feltman:Incredible. So there may be listeners who are like, “What’s that?”
Zukerman:Great question.
Feltman:So [laughs] yeah, what is it?
Zukerman:Well, yes, so it is this rather mysterious phenomena where folks who have a vagina, sometimes when they’re extremely aroused, about to orgasm, at the moment of orgasm, a large amount of fluid willgushout of them. And it’s this big mystery around: What is this fluid? Where is it coming from? Is it coming from the vagina, the urethra? Is it pee? Is it female ejaculate?
And for many years on the Internet you see these sort of fights playing out, and they often have this kind of political-ish tone to it, where often sort of feminist websites will argue, “It is not pee; we have a special ejaculate,” and then you have these kind of other websites that are saying—you know, they’re kind of downplaying the squirt and saying, you know, “No, it is just pee.” And then in the middle of that, you have a lot of people being angry.
And so we just wanted to say, like, this is ridiculous. We’re in 2025. How can a physiological phenomena, how can this thing cause so much drama and be so politicized? What is this liquid? We should be able to know [laughs]. We have very sophisticated science. We should be able to determine what this liquid is.
Feltman:Absolutely. So what did you know about the concept going into making this episode?
Zukerman:So I have squirted, just sort of at the beginning of my sexual encounters. And for me, when it happened, I really thought it was pee.
Feltman:Mm-hmm.
Zukerman:I was quite certain. I wasn’t devastated or anything; I was just like, “Oh, bodies are weird, but I don’t wanna be cleaning the sheets every time that this happens, so I’m gonna kind of train my body not to do that,” and I was able to.
Nowadays it sort of has this very powerful element. It’s part of porn, and it has these exciting elements to it, and it’s sort of a real accomplishment that you have squirted. But I guess, still, to a lot of folks who do it, and we did this large survey of our listeners—who has squirted and how many times and how they felt about it—and you still see this sort of real confusion around how people feel about it, which is often tied to this idea of: What exactly is this liquid? And so I was just very curious myself where people were getting their evidence from here and what we could know about it.
Feltman:Yeah, well, I definitely wanna get into the survey itself, but first, with your episode on anal sex, you really found collaborators who were also mystified at the lack of research and who helped you, you know, make this very scientific. Were you able to do the same thing for squirting?
Zukerman:Yeah, so with squirting we actually do have some data that has really probed this question of: What is that fluid? There’s still a lot missing in the data—so we have sort of a bunch of small studies that have been well-done, and so in this case, while our survey was really helpful to sort of capture how many folks this is happening to and how they feel about it, we were able to look at the peer-reviewed literature this time to really see what’s going on here.
Feltman:Well, what is going on? What [laughs]?
Zukerman:Okay, so let me tell you about one of the studies that we found. It was done by a French gynecologist, and we spoke to him, Samuel Salama. It was very funny—when I was chatting to him, I sort of asked him, “Why did you do a study on squirting?” And as you’ll hear, it’s very well-thought-out, and he started, he’s like—I was gonna do a French accent, but I, I won’t, save the listeners that; one accent will be enough. And he started going, “It’s an interesting phenomena. At the time we really didn’t know what the fluid was.” And I was like, “Come on, Sam. Why did you do the study on squirting?” And he says, “Okay, okay, okay. When I was younger—” And I’m like, “Thank you.” He said he had a lover, she squirted. They were both so curious what was going on. They tried to find out. They tried to ask friends and doctors, and no one gave them a credible explanation.
And so years later he’s studying sexology, he has a clinic that he can use that can really get to the bottom of this. I think he was asked—everyone needs to do a research project as part of his studies. And he says, “Great, now’s the opportunity.” And so what he does is he gets seven what he called systematic squirters, which meant that these were folks who could squirt every single time they got aroused. ’Cause for some people it sort of happens every now and then, but if he’s going to the trouble to do the experiment, he wants to make sure that these folks are gonna squirt when they need to squirt.
So he gets the women to come into the lab, and what’s really cool is that he does an ultrasound of their pelvis and bladder at various points of this squirting adventure. So first, he gets them to go to the bathroom and then ultrasounds their pelvis and bladder. And so he can see that after they’ve gone to the bathroom, the bladder is empty. That’s what should happen. And then he says, “Okay, go into this very sort of sterile-looking room in the clinic and go forth.”
But what he did, which was very insightful, is he said, “Before you squirt, at the peak of arousal, get me to come back in—I’m gonna ultrasound your bladder again.”
Feltman:Mm-hmm.
Zukerman:And so—which I just imagine what it would be like for these folks to hold on to that aroused state while you get [an] ultrasound of your bladder [laughs]. And then the ultrasound’s done, and then he says, “Okay ...”
Feltman:“Get back to it.”
Zukerman:“Get to it. Now you can squirt.” And he walks out of the room again. Then they squirt. He comes back into the room—you can hear him on the tape, and he’s sort of describing, “This liquid is everywhere.” ’Cause in some cases it can be quite a lot of fluid coming out; the world record for squirt is 1.35 liters—which don’t make me translate that into gallons [laughs].
Feltman:[Laughs] No, that’s a lot, though.
Zukerman:It’s a lot of liquid. It’s a lot of liquid. Think about ...
Feltman:Yeah, Americans know that a big bottle of soda is 2 liters, so we have a frame of reference [laughs].
Zukerman:Yes, okay—I thought so!
So then he does another ultrasound of the bladder after the squirt is done, and what is really curious is that he saw that at the peak of arousal, before they had squirted—so remember: their bladders were empty ’cause they’d peed ...
Feltman:Mm-hmm.
Zukerman:Before this whole process begins. Then he ultrasounds their bladder at peak of arousal, and he can see the bladder has filled up again.
Feltman:Hmm.
Zukerman:Yes, which is very curious and very interesting for anyone who has had the experience of going to the bathroom before a sexual activity, having sex, and then peeing straight after and wondering, “That’s so crazy—I just peed 15 minutes ago.”
But this is a very interesting phenomenon, and another study that got two folks, a straight couple, to have sex in an MRI, also noticed that the woman, their bladders filled up during arousal.
Feltman:Hmm.
Zukerman:So it must be something about, you know, heart rate’s going, blood’s moving around, processes are moving faster. We’re not exactly sure why this happens. But—so bladder fills up. Then the squirt happens. Rachel, you wanna guess what’s going on with the bladder?
Feltman:I would guess that it empties, probably.
Zukerman:It did.
Feltman:Yeah [laughs].
Zukerman:The bladder was empty, telling us that the liquid was coming from the bladder.
Feltman:Right.
Zukerman:Yes. And Sam also looked at the chemicals inside the squirt ’cause he had all the liquid there, and he could see various chemicals that we tend to find in urine, so urea, uric acid, things like this. Other studies have found this as well, when they’ve looked at the chemicals in squirt.
Feltman:Mm.
Zukerman:It’s sometimes—one study found that it was quite diluted.
Feltman:Right, I was gonna say, it would make sense for it to be pretty dilute if the bladder’s sort of quickly filling up again.
Zukerman:It would, although when I asked Sam about this, he said sometimes it’s dilute and sometimes it’s not ...
Feltman:Mm.
Zukerman:And so—and he actually had a photo of the squirt, and it looked like yellow pee.
Feltman:Mm-hmm.
Zukerman:Maybe not the most concentrate pee one has ever produced, but it definitely did not look like water to me ...
Feltman:Got it, yeah.
Zukerman:And so from that study—it’s only seven women, but there’s some very curious research that we also talk about in the episode that’s also suggesting that the bulk of this fluid is coming from the bladder.
Feltman:Right, so that mystery solved, but you also created this big survey that I think you said thousands of people responded to, so tell me a little bit about that.
Zukerman:Although mystery solved, there is a tiny bit more mystery, which explains why you have this battle online. Because although the bulk of the fluid is coming from urine, in some cases there is alittlebit of this sort of other substance...[full transcript]
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来源：https://view.inews.qq.com/k/20250530A04IQB00
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